Sanitation Practise and ongoing projects in Kancheepuram District under SBM- Gramin

 

About SBM

To accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and to put the focus on sanitation, the Prime Minister of India had launched the Swachh Bharat Mission on 2nd October 2014. Under the mission, all villages, Gram Panchayats, Districts, States and Union Territories in India declared themselves "open-defecation free" (ODF) by 2 October 2019, the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, by constructing over 100 million toilets in rural India. To ensure that the open defecation free behaviours are sustained, no one is left behind, and that solid and liquid waste management facilities are accessible, the Mission is moving towards the next Phase II of SBMG i.e ODF-Plus. ODF Plus activities under Phase II of Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) will reinforce ODF behaviours and focus on providing interventions for the safe management of solid and liquid waste in villages.

1) Construction of IHHLs

Ensuring that no one is left behind : the mission will strive towards providing access to all new households that comes up during the project period with safe sanitation facilities, and to any eligible households which may have been left out in the previous phase Such households will be identified by the Gram panchayat/Block/District as part of the ODF Plus verification exercise.

2) Construction of CSC

            ODF Plus Villages with more than 100 households must endeavor to have at least one CSC which may cater to the sanitation needs of floating/migrant population. The Gram Panchayat will decide upon a suitable location for construction of CSC that is easily accessible to all, having adequate water availability and where long term O &M is ensured, For the construction of CSC, priority shall be given to the location with predominant SC/ST habitations, poorest of poor in the village and or/those visited by migrant labourers/ floating Population etc.

3) Solid waste Management

1.       Construction of MCC

In peri urban/ Bigger village Panchayats adjacent to Corporations and municipalities. SWM is a major problem deo to its density, change in consumption pattern and increased per capita waste generation. The village panchayats find it very difficult to identify huge land for establishment of a centralized and integrated solid waste management. Facility within their limit. The huge quantum of waste which could not be managed effectively at local level resulted in environmental pollution due to waste dumps posing health hazard. Therefore in order to improve the Solid waste management facilities in these areas MCC was established. Each MCC can handle a minimum of 0.5 ton to a maximum of 3 ton wet waste per day.

 

2.       Construction of PWMU

Plastic Waste management refers to the collection, storage, transportation, and disposal of plastic waste in an environmentally safe manner. For plastic waste management in rural areas the following functionaries is being carried out. Segratation. collection, storage, transportation of  plastic waste and channelization of recyable plastic waste fraction to recyclers ensuring that no damage is caused to the environment in this process. Use of shredded plastic waste for laying BT Roads. Awareness  generation amoung all stakeholders about their responsibilities. Pervention of open burning of plastic waste.

 

3.       Construction of Community level Biogas Plant

GOBAR-dhan is an integral component of SWM for ensuring cleanliness in villages by converting bio-waste including animal waste, kitchen leftovers, crop residues and market waste into biogas and bio slurry to improve the lives of villages. This is also useful in providing economic and resource benefits to farmers and households. Gram Panchayats may implement this scheme for maximum bio-waste recovery alongside other initiatives like composting and vermin-composting.

4) Liquid Waste Management

1.       Grey water Management

Grey water Management works as a 3R principal. Reduce: Judicious use of fresh water which will result in generation of minimum quantity of Greywater. Reuse: Using Greywater for purposes such as kitchen garden, vehicle washing, toilet flushing etc. Recharge: Recharge of ground water with Greywater by adopting technologies such as soakage pit, leach pit etc. Grey waste activities undertaken as under: Village with less than 5000 population and Village with more than 5000 population. Village with less than 5000 population should plan for the Individual Soak Pits, Community soakpits, Kitchen garden, drainage facilities based on the terrain, Groundwater level and density of population. Village with more than 5000 population should plan for a conveyance systems like Phytorid , constructed wetlands based on the terrain, Groundwater level and climate conditons.

 

 

2.       Fecal Sludge Management

Faecal sludge is the waste accumulated in a septic tank which is a raw or partially digested mixture mostly of excreta and water. Fecal Sludge Management involves collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of sludge from on-site sanitation systems in a safe manner. Some households, however, have septic tanks or single leach pit toilets, especially in densely populated or large peri urban villages. Septic tanks or single pits overflowing into the storm water drains or pathways are prevalent in certain areas. So, It is planned to construct a FSTP for the safe treatment and disposal of the  Fecal and Sewage Waste collected from around village panchayats.